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医疗健康大数据中患者个人信息保护的挑战与治理路径

张宇宸

中国政法大学比较法学院

摘要(Abstract):

随着数字医疗技术快速发展,医疗健康大数据在提升诊疗质量、优化资源配置和支撑公共卫生决策方面作用日益突出。但其多源性、关联性与高敏感性特征,也使患者个人信息面临前所未有的泄露与滥用风险。针对其中的一系列挑战,提出“水平—垂直”协同治理路径,水平层面完善法律救济主张,强化患者动态同意权、数据可携权与有效追责机制;垂直层面构建基于敏感度的三级数据分类体系(高度/中度/低度敏感),实施差异化保护强度与处理规则。并实现二者相互协同,为构建合规、可信、可持续的医疗数据治理体系提供可行路径。


关键词(KeyWords):

医疗健康大数据;个人信息保护;匿名化;知情同意;数据分类


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